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OpenSSL

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OpenSSL

概要

OpenSSL日本語サイト
日本ジオトラスト株式会社

アクセスの手順

/etc/httpd/http.bootoptファイルの編集

  # If you are using SSL please uncommented the next line

  HTTPDOPT=-DSSL

既存のキー(server.key)と証明書(server.cry)の削除

# rm -f /etc/httpd/conf/ssl/ssi.key/server.key
# rm -f /etc/httpd/conf/ssl/ssi.crt/server.crt

Apacheを停止して以下の作業

# cd /etc/httpd/conf/ssl/ssl.key 
# /usr/bin/openssl  genrsa -des3 1024 > /etc/httpd/conf/ssl/ssl.key/server.key 
warning, not much extra random data, consider using the -rand option
Generating RSA private key, 1024 bit long modulus
...................................................++++++
.........++++++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
Enter PEM pass phrase:**********    //パスワードの入力(エコーされない)
Verifying password - Enter PEM pass phrase:********* 
							 //もう一度入力(エコーされない)

	//Apache起動の関係で、毎回パスワードを入力しないでいい設定をします。 

# openssl rsa -in server.key -out server.key 
read RSA key
Enter PEM pass phrase:   //上記のパスワードの入力(エコーされない)
writing RSA key

# openssl req -new -key server.key -out ../ssl.csr/server.csr 
Using configuration from /var/ssl/openssl.cnf
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguished Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:JP 
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:Osaka 
Locality Name (eg, city) []:Yao 
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:Odic   //組織名です
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:Web 	//部門名です
Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:www.******.co.jp 	//サーバ名です(DNSに登録している名前)
Email Address []:tako@******.co.jp //サーバ管理者mailアドレス

Please enter the following 'extra' attributes
to be sent with your certificate request
A challenge password []: 	//無視
An optional company name []: 	//無視

	//server.csrとserver.key暗号鍵ファイルで証明書を作成します

# openssl x509 -in ../ssl.csr/server.csr -out ../ssl.crt/server.crt -req -signkey ./server.key 
Signature ok
subject=/C=JP/ST=Osaka/L=Yao/O=Odic/OU=Web/CN=www.******.co.jp/Email=tako@******.co.jp.
								//先の入力データ
Getting Private key

/etc/httpd/cone/httpd.conf の修正

##### Section 3: Virtual Hosts ######
#
# VirtualHost: If you want to maintain multiple domains/hostnames on your
# machine you can setup VirtualHost containers for them. Most configurations
# use only name-based virtual hosts so the server doesn't need to worry about
# IP addresses. This is indicated by the asterisks in the directives below.
#
# Please see the documentation at <;URL:http://www.apache.org/docs/vhosts/>
# for further details before you try to setup virtual hosts.
#
# You may use the command line option '-S' to verify your virtual host
# configuration.

#
# Use name-based virtual hosting.
#

#################################
#NameVirtualHost *
#NameVirtualHost ***.***.***.***:80
NameVirtualHost ***.***.***.***:443

#
# VirtualHost example:
# Almost any Apache directive may go into a VirtualHost container.
# The first VirtualHost section is used for requests without a known
# server name.
#
# < VirtualHost *>
#    ServerAdmin webmaster@dummy-host.example.com
#    DocumentRoot /www/docs/dummy-host.example.com
#    ServerName dummy-host.example.com
#    ErrorLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-error_log
#    CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common
#</VirtualHost>

#<VirtualHost _default_:*>
#</VirtualHost>
##
##  SSL Global Context
##
##  All SSL configuration in this context applies both to
##  the main server and all SSL-enabled virtual hosts.
##

#
#   Some MIME-types for downloading Certificates and CRLs
#
<IfDefine SSL>
AddType application/x-x509-ca-cert .crt
AddType application/x-pkcs7-crl    .crl
</IfDefine>

<IfModule mod_ssl.c>

#   Pass Phrase Dialog:
#   Configure the pass phrase gathering process.
#   The filtering dialog program (`builtin' is a internal
#   terminal dialog) has to provide the pass phrase on stdout.
SSLPassPhraseDialog  builtin

#   Inter-Process Session Cache:
#   Configure the SSL Session Cache: First the mechanism
#   to use and second the expiring timeout (in seconds).
#SSLSessionCache        none
#SSLSessionCache        shmht:/var/run/ssl_scache(512000)
#SSLSessionCache        shmcb:/var/run/ssl_scache(512000)
SSLSessionCache         dbm:/var/run/ssl_scache
SSLSessionCacheTimeout  300

#   Semaphore:
#   Configure the path to the mutual exclusion semaphore the
#   SSL engine uses internally for inter-process synchronization.
SSLMutex  file:/var/run/ssl_mutex

#   Pseudo Random Number Generator (PRNG):
#   Configure one or more sources to seed the PRNG of the
#   SSL library. The seed data should be of good random quality.
#   WARNING! On some platforms /dev/random blocks if not enough entropy
#   is available. This means you then cannot use the /dev/random device
#   because it would lead to very long connection times (as long as
#   it requires to make more entropy available). But usually those
#   platforms additionally provide a /dev/urandom device which doesn't
#   block. So, if available, use this one instead. Read the mod_ssl User
#   Manual for more details.
SSLRandomSeed startup builtin
SSLRandomSeed connect builtin
#SSLRandomSeed startup file:/dev/random  512
#SSLRandomSeed startup file:/dev/urandom 512
#SSLRandomSeed connect file:/dev/random  512
#SSLRandomSeed connect file:/dev/urandom 512

#   Logging:
#   The home of the dedicated SSL protocol logfile. Errors are
#   additionally duplicated in the general error log file.  Put
#   this somewhere where it cannot be used for symlink attacks on
#   a real server (i.e. somewhere where only root can write).
#   Log levels are (ascending order: higher ones include lower ones):
#   none, error, warn, info, trace, debug.
SSLLog      /var/log/httpd/ssl_engine_log
SSLLogLevel info

</IfModule>

<IfDefine SSL>

##
## SSL Virtual Host Context
##
#######################################

##<VirtualHost ***.***.***.***:80>
<VirtualHost ***.***.***.***:443>
####  初期値は <VirtualHost _default_:443>  ####

#  General setup for the virtual host

####  公開する最上位ディレクトリ sslディレクトリを作成した  ####
DocumentRoot "/home/*****/public_html/ssl"
####  初期値DocumentRoot "/var/www/html"  ####

ServerName localhost

#ServerName localhost
ServerAdmin root@localhost
ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/error_log
TransferLog /var/log/httpd/access_log

#   SSL Engine Switch:
#   Enable/Disable SSL for this virtual host.
#####  このバーチャルホストでSSLを使用するかどうか  ####
SSLEngine on

#   SSL Cipher Suite:
#   List the ciphers that the client is permitted to negotiate.
#   See the mod_ssl documentation for a complete list.
####  クライアントとの通信に使用する暗号を指定  ####
SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP:+eNULL

#   Server Certificate:
#   Point SSLCertificateFile at a PEM encoded certificate.  If
#   the certificate is encrypted, then you will be prompted for a
#   pass phrase.  Note that a kill -HUP will prompt again. A test
#   certificate can be generated with `make certificate' under
#   built time. Keep in mind that if you've both a RSA and a DSA
#   certificate you can configure both in parallel (to also allow
#   the use of DSA ciphers, etc.)

#####  サーバのSSL証明書の場所指定  ####
SSLCertificateFile /etc/httpd/conf/ssl/ssl.crt/server.crt
#SSLCertificateFile /etc/httpd/conf/ssl/ssl.crt/server-dsa.crt

#   Server Private Key:
#   If the key is not combined with the certificate, use this
#   directive to point at the key file.  Keep in mind that if
#   you've both a RSA and a DSA private key you can configure
#   both in parallel (to also allow the use of DSA ciphers, etc.)

#####  サーバのSSL暗号鍵の場所指定  ####
SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/httpd/conf/ssl/ssl.key/server.key
#SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/httpd/conf/ssl/ssl.key/server-dsa.key

#   Server Certificate Chain:
#   Point SSLCertificateChainFile at a file containing the
#   concatenation of PEM encoded CA certificates which form the
#   certificate chain for the server certificate. Alternatively
#   the referenced file can be the same as SSLCertificateFile
#   when the CA certificates are directly appended to the server
#   certificate for convinience.

#####  クライアントの持っているCAとサーバが認証を受けたCAとの関係が記述  ####
#####  してあるファイルを指定。CAに署名をもらった際に受け取るファイル    ####
#SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/httpd/conf/ssl/ssl.crt/ca.crt

#   Certificate Authority (CA):
#   Set the CA certificate verification path where to find CA
#   certificates for client authentication or alternatively one
#   huge file containing all of them (file must be PEM encoded)
#   Note: Inside SSLCACertificatePath you need hash symlinks
#         to point to the certificate files. Use the provided
#         Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes.

####  上位CAのファイルのあるディレクトリパス、またはそのファイル指定  #####
#SSLCACertificatePath /etc/httpd/conf/ssl/ssl.crt
#SSLCACertificateFile /etc/httpd/conf/ssl/ssl.crt/ca-bundle.crt

#   Certificate Revocation Lists (CRL):
#   Set the CA revocation path where to find CA CRLs for client
#   authentication or alternatively one huge file containing all
#   of them (file must be PEM encoded)
#   Note: Inside SSLCARevocationPath you need hash symlinks
#         to point to the certificate files. Use the provided
#         Makefile to update the hash symlinks after changes.

####  クライアント認証時に拒否するCA指定  ####
#SSLCARevocationPath /etc/httpd/conf/ssl/ssl.crl
#SSLCARevocationFile /etc/httpd/conf/ssl/ssl.crl/ca-bundle.crl

#   Client Authentication (Type):
#   Client certificate verification type and depth.  Types are
#   none, optional, require and optional_no_ca.  Depth is a
#   number which specifies how deeply to verify the certificate
#   issuer chain before deciding the certificate is not valid.

####  クライアントを認証する方法と、認証時に確認のために参照するCAの深さ指定  ####
####  none 認証しない                                                     ####
####  option 認証を受けることができる                                      ####
####  require 認証を必要とする                                            ####
####  option_no_ca サーバが信用しないCA(自己署名など)でも認証を受けられる    ####
####  不特定多数のアクセスを受けるのであればnone                            ####

SSLVerifyClient none
#SSLVerifyClient require
#SSLVerifyDepth  10

#   Access Control:
#   With SSLRequire you can do per-directory access control based
#   on arbitrary complex boolean expressions containing server
#   variable checks and other lookup directives.  The syntax is a
#   mixture between C and Perl.  See the mod_ssl documentation
#   for more details.

####  ディレクトリに対して、SSLでのアクセスコントロール指定  ####
#<Location />
#SSLRequire (    %{SSL_CIPHER} !~ m/^(EXP|NULL)/ \
#            and %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_O} eq "Snake Oil, Ltd." \
#            and %{SSL_CLIENT_S_DN_OU} in {"Staff", "CA", "Dev"} \
#            and %{TIME_WDAY} >= 1 and %{TIME_WDAY} <= 5 \
#            and %{TIME_HOUR} >= 8 and %{TIME_HOUR} <= 20       ) \
#           or %{REMOTE_ADDR} =~ m/^192\.76\.162\.[0-9]+$/
#</Location>

####  SSLを使用する際のオプション指定  ####
#   SSL Engine Options:
#   Set various options for the SSL engine.
#   o FakeBasicAuth:
#     Translate the client X.509 into a Basic Authorisation.  This means that
#     the standard Auth/DBMAuth methods can be used for access control.  The
#     user name is the `one line' version of the client's X.509 certificate.
#     Note that no password is obtained from the user. Every entry in the user
#     file needs this password: `xxj31ZMTZzkVA'.
#   o ExportCertData:
#     This exports two additional environment variables: SSL_CLIENT_CERT and
#     SSL_SERVER_CERT. These contain the PEM-encoded certificates of the
#     server (always existing) and the client (only existing when client
#     authentication is used). This can be used to import the certificates
#     into CGI scripts.
#   o StdEnvVars:
#     This exports the standard SSL/TLS related `SSL_*' environment variables.
#     Per default this exportation is switched off for performance reasons,
#     because the extraction step is an expensive operation and is usually
#     useless for serving static content. So one usually enables the
#     exportation for CGI and SSI requests only.
#   o CompatEnvVars:
#     This exports obsolete environment variables for backward compatibility
#     to Apache-SSL 1.x, mod_ssl 2.0.x, Sioux 1.0 and Stronghold 2.x. Use this
#     to provide compatibility to existing CGI scripts.
#   o StrictRequire:
#     This denies access when "SSLRequireSSL" or "SSLRequire" applied even
#     under a "Satisfy any" situation, i.e. when it applies access is denied
#     and no other module can change it.
#   o OptRenegotiate:
#     This enables optimized SSL connection renegotiation handling when SSL
#     directives are used in per-directory context.

#####  コメントアウトした  ####
SSLOptions +FakeBasicAuth +ExportCertData +CompatEnvVars +StrictRequire
#初期値  #SSLOptions +FakeBasicAuth +ExportCertData +CompatEnvVars +StrictRequire

####  .cgi .shtml phtml php php3で終るファイルに対するSSLのオプション  ####
<Files ~ "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php|php3?)$">
    SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
</Files>

#<Files ~ "\.(cgi|shtml|phtml|php3?)$">
#    SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
#</Files>


####  /home/*****/public_html/ssl ディレクトリに対するSSLのオプション  #####
<Directory "/home/*****/public_html/ssl">
    SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
</Directory>

#<Directory "/var/www/cgi-bin">
#    SSLOptions +StdEnvVars
#</Directory>

#   SSL Protocol Adjustments:
#   The safe and default but still SSL/TLS standard compliant shutdown
#   approach is that mod_ssl sends the close notify alert but doesn't wait for
#   the close notify alert from client. When you need a different shutdown
#   approach you can use one of the following variables:
#   o ssl-unclean-shutdown:
#     This forces an unclean shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. no
#     SSL close notify alert is send or allowed to received.  This violates
#     the SSL/TLS standard but is needed for some brain-dead browsers. Use
#     this when you receive I/O errors because of the standard approach where
#     mod_ssl sends the close notify alert.
#   o ssl-accurate-shutdown:
#     This forces an accurate shutdown when the connection is closed, i.e. a
#     SSL close notify alert is send and mod_ssl waits for the close notify
#     alert of the client. This is 100% SSL/TLS standard compliant, but in
#     practice often causes hanging connections with brain-dead browsers. Use
#     this only for browsers where you know that their SSL implementation
#     works correctly.

#### クライアント情報などをもとに、そのクライアントに対しての特別な設定を指定 ####
#   Notice: Most problems of broken clients are also related to the HTTP
#   keep-alive facility, so you usually additionally want to disable
#   keep-alive for those clients, too. Use variable "nokeepalive" for this.
#   Similarly, one has to force some clients to use HTTP/1.0 to workaround
#   their broken HTTP/1.1 implementation. Use variables "downgrade-1.0" and
#   "force-response-1.0" for this.

####  MS Internet Explolerがクライアントであれば                         ####
####  KeepAlive接続を無効とし                                            ####
####  クライアントからのクローズ通知なしで接続を切ることができる、と指定。  ####
SetEnvIf User-Agent ".*MSIE.*" \
         nokeepalive ssl-unclean-shutdown \
         downgrade-1.0 force-response-1.0

#   Per-Server Logging:
#   The home of a custom SSL log file. Use this when you want a
#   compact non-error SSL logfile on a virtual host basis.

####  カスタムログのディレクトリと、その内容の指定  ####
CustomLog /var/log/httpd/ssl_request_log \
          "%t %h %{SSL_PROTOCOL}x %{SSL_CIPHER}x \"%r\" %b"

</VirtualHost>

</IfDefine>

/etc/logrotate.d/apache ファイルの修正

/var/log/httpd/access_log {
weekly
rotate 4
    missingok
    postrotate
	/usr/bin/killall -HUP httpd
    endscript
}

/var/log/httpd/agent_log {
    missingok
    postrotate
	/usr/bin/killall -HUP httpd
    endscript
}

/var/log/httpd/error_log {
weekly
rotate 4
    missingok
    postrotate
	/usr/bin/killall -HUP httpd
    endscript
}

/var/log/httpd/referer_log {
    missingok
    postrotate
	/usr/bin/killall -HUP httpd
    endscript
}

#####ここから############################

/var/log/httpd/ssl_engine_log {
    missingok
    postrotate
	/usr/bin/killall -HUP httpd
    endscript
}

/var/log/httpd/ssl_request_log {
    missingok
    postrotate
	/usr/bin/killall -HUP httpd
    endscript
}

#####ここまでを追加####################

第三者機関による相手承認手続きと設定

# rm -f /etc/httpd/conf/ssl/ssi.key/server.key
# rm -f /etc/httpd/conf/ssl/ssi.crt/server.crt

単一Webサーバによる、複数の第三者機関による相手承認手続きと設定

# rm -f /etc/httpd/conf/ssl.key/server.key
# rm -f /etc/httpd/conf/ssl.crt/server.crt

Apache 2.xでのOpenSSL

# rm -f /etc/httpd/conf/ssl/ssi.key/server.key
# rm -f /etc/httpd/conf/ssl/ssi.crt/server.crt

補記

(02.11.02 初稿)
(03.12.23 「アクセスの手順」追記)

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